A
An abrasive (Lat. abradere) - is a material, often a mineral, that is used to shape or finish a workpiece through rubbing which leads to part of the workpiece being worn away. While finishing a material often means polishing it to gain a smooth, reflective surface it can also involve roughening as in satin, matte or beaded finishes.
Adhesion (Lat. adhaesio) - lacquer coat and basic materials bond strength.
Anker (foundation bolt ) (from German anker - anchor) -seat fixing used to structural steel fixation.
An attic - is a space found directly below the pitched roof of a house or other building (also called garret, loft or sky parlor).
B
Balcony (from France balcon; from Italian balcone, scaffold; from High German balcho, beam, balk) - a kind of platform projecting from the wall of a building, supported by columns or console brackets, and enclosed with a balustrade.
A baluster (according to OED derived through the French: balustre, from Italian: balaustro, from balaustra, "pomegranate flower") - is a moulded shaft, square or of lathe-turned form, in stone or wood and sometimes in metal, standing on a unifying footing and supporting the coping of a parapet or the handrail of a staircase.
Balustrade — a row of balusters surmounted by a rail or coping.
A basement(is one or more floors of a building that are either completely or partially below the ground floor.
D
A dowel is a solid cylindrical rod, usually made of wood, plastic or metal. In its original manufactured form, dowel is called dowel rod.
The tread "depth" - is measured from the outer edge of the step to the vertical "riser" between steps. The "width" is measured from one side to the other.
E
Entrance lobby — structures of portals, fence roofs, awnings, entrance ramps.
F
Flight — a flight is an uninterrupted series of steps.
G
Laminated glass — is a type of safety glass that holds together when shattered. In the event of breaking, it is held in place by an interlayer, typically of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), between its two or more layers of glass.
H
Handrails - are railings used on stairways and escalators. They are designed to be grasped by the hand while ascending or descending the stairs. They are supported by posts or fixed directly to a wall.
The hook ladder (also called pompier ladder — was once a very important tool of the fire department as firemen could theoretically reach every floor of a building with it. It consists of a simple 2.5-meter ladder with a long, flat hook on its top.
M
Shoe moulding - may be used between where the lower floor and the first riser meet.
N
Nosing — an edge part of the tread that protrudes over the riser beneath. If it is present, this means that horizontally, the total "run" length of the stairs is not simply the sum of the tread lengths, the treads actually overlap each other slightly.
P
A parapet - is a wall-like barrier at the edge of a roof, terrace, balcony or other structure. Where extending above a roof, it may simply be the portion of an exterior wall that continues above the line of the roof surface, or may be a continuation of a vertical feature beneath the roof such as a fire wall or party wall.
R
Riser — the vertical portion between each tread on the stair. This may be missing for an "open" stair effect.
The total rise of the stairs - is the height between floors (or landings) that the flight of stairs is spanning.
The total run of the stairs - is the horizontal distance from the first riser to the last riser. It is often not simply the sum of the individual tread lengths due to the nosing overlapping between treads.
S
Stairway, staircase, stairwell, flight of stairs or simply stairs — are names for a construction designed to bridge a large vertical distance by dividing it into smaller vertical distances, called steps. Stairways may be straight, round, or may consist of two or more straight pieces connected at angles. Special stairways include escalators and ladders. Alternatives to stairways are elevators, stairlifts and inclined moving sidewalks as well as stationary inclined sidewalks.
Staircase - this term is often reserved for the stairs themselves: the steps, railings and landings; though often it is used interchangeably with "stairs" and "stairway".
The slope of the stairs - is the total rise divided by the total run (not the individual riser and treads due to the nosing). It is sometimes called the rake or pitch of the stairs. The pitch line is the imaginary line along the tip of the nosing of the treads.
Starting step or Bullnose - where stairs are open on one or both sides, the first step above the lower floor may be wider than the other steps and rounded. The balusters typically form a semi-circle around the circumference of the rounded portion and the handrail has a horizontal spiral called a "volute" that supports the top of the balusters. Besides the cosmetic appeal, starting steps allow the balusters to form a wider, more stable base for the end of the handrail. Handrails that simply end at a post at the foot of the stairs can be less sturdy, even with a thick post. A double bullnose can be used when both sides of the stairs are open.
Stringer, Stringer board or sometimes just String - the structural member that supports the treads and risers. There are typically two stringers, one on either side of the stairs; though the treads may be supported many other ways. The stringers are sometimes notched so that the risers and treads fit into them. Stringers on open-sided stairs are often open themselves so that the treads are visible from the side. Such stringers are called "cut" stringers. Stringers on a closed side of the stairs are closed, with the support for the treads routed into the stringer.
Spiral staircase - a type of stairway characterized by its spiral shape.
T
Tread - the part of the stairway that is stepped on. It is constructed to the same specifications (thickness) as any other flooring.
Trim (e.g. quarter-round or baseboard trim) - is normally applied where walls meet floors and often underneath treads to hide the reveal where the tread and riser meet.
V
Vertical stairs - staircase with pitch of 75 grade.
W
Walkline - for curved stairs, the inner radius of the curve may result in very narrow treads. The "walkline" is the imaginary line some distance away from the inner edge on which people are expected to walk. Building code will specify the distance. Building codes will then specify the minimum tread size at the walkline.
Winders - winders are steps that are narrower on one side than the other. They are used to change the direction of the stairs without landings. A series of winders form a circular or spiral stairway. When three steps are used to turn a 90° corner, the middle step is called a kite winder as a kite-shaped quadrilateral.
|
© Vland, 2010 | Moscow, Prospekt Mira, 186-А site: www.vland-m.ru, e-mail: info@vland-m.ru vacancies | site map made in laboratory ART-DA! |
Our clients
|